– Solar energy: photovoltaic modules, inverters, photothermal power generation.
– Wind energy: onshore/sea fans, blade material optimization.
– Energy storage system: lithium-ion battery, liquid flow battery, hydrogen energy storage.
– Smart grid: demand response, microgrid management, V2G (vehicle to grid).
– Carbon capture and utilization (CCUS): direct air capture (DAC), industrial carbon storage.
